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Palm oil production in Indonesia
Palm oil production is important to the economy of Indonesia as the country is the world's biggest producer and consumer of the commodity, providing about half the world supply. Oil palm plantations stretch across 6 million hectares (roughly twice the size of Belgium). The country plans by 2015 to add 4 million additional hectares towards oil palm biofuel production.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.greenpeace.org.uk/forests/palm-oil )〕 As of 2012, Indonesia produces 35 percent of the world's certified sustainable palm oil (CSPO).
In addition to servicing traditional markets, Indonesia is looking to put more effort into producing biodiesel. China and India are the major importers of palm oil, accounting for more than a third of global palm oil imports.
==Production==
Production of palm oil in Indonesia has, since 1964, recorded a phenomenal increase from 157, 000 tonnes to 33.5 million tonnes in 2014. Palm oil accounts for 11% of Indonesia's export earnings of $5.7bn. Maintaining its status as the world’s largest producer of palm oil, Indonesia has projected a figure of 40 million tonnes by 2020. In this context, the global production figure given by Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) was 50 million tonnes for 2012, double the production of 2002. This increase is reflected also in increases of Indonesia’s production of palm oil for the same period, from 10.300 million tonnes in 2002 and 28.50 million tonnes in 2012.〔 The entire production of the oil is derived from Indonesia's rainforest which ranks third in the world, the other two being in the Amazon and Congo basins. According to the Indonesian Palm Oil Association, one third of this production is attributed to smallholder farmers and the remaining to the multinationals. Palm trees that were planted about 25 years ago have an annual average production rate of four tonnes of oil per hectare and now there are plans to increase this by introducing newer varieties which could double the production rate per hectare.〔 Borneo and Sumatra are the two islands which account for 96 percent of Indonesia’s palm oil production. As of 2011, area under oil palm plantations was 7.8 million hectares of out of which 6.1 million ha were productive plantations under harvest and thus Indonesia has become the global leader in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) production. According to the World Bank reports nearly 50% of CPO produced in the country is exported in an unprocessed form, while the remaining is subject to processing into cooking oil out of which about 50% is exported and the balance consumed is locally
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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